Allergic inflammation in children with pet allergy and asthma Mechanisms, markers and clinical consequences
نویسنده
چکیده
.......................................................................................................................................................... 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS...................................................................................................................................... 6 ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMS....................................................................................................................... 9 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................... 10 EARLY AND LATE ALLERGIC REACTIONS (EAR AND LAR).............................................................. 12 THE ALLERGIC EOSINOPHIL INFLAMMATION .................................................................................... 13 CYTOKINES AND CHEMOKINES IN ALLERGY....................................................................................... 13 THE ROLE AND THE LIFE CYCLE OF THE EOSINOPHIL .................................................................... 15 THE EOSINOPHIL MIGRATION ................................................................................................................... 15 NITRIC OXIDE (NO) IN THE INFLAMMATORY PROCESS.................................................................... 16 ALLERGEN CHALLENGE AS A MODEL .................................................................................................... 17 PHYSIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF ASTHMA......................................................................................... 17 MARKERS OF ALLERGIC INFLAMMATION ............................................................................................ 18 EOSINOPHIL PROTEINS (ECP, EPO, EPX AND MBP) ......................................................................................... 18 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY EG2, CD9 AND CD11B/CD18.................................................................................. 18 NITRIC OXIDE (NO)............................................................................................................................................ 19 CORTICOSTEROID THERAPY IN EOSINOPHIL AIRWAY INFLAMMATION .................................. 19 AIMS OF THE STUDY ...................................................................................................................................... 21 SUBJECTS AND MATERIALS ....................................................................................................................... 22 SUBJECT CHARACTERIZATION ............................................................................................................................ 22 (I) The concentration of animal dander in school dust and the health effect of exposure............................. 22 (II) The clinical usefulness of markers of inflammation after withdrawal of GC.......................................... 22 (III) The role of the IL-5 and the GM-CSF receptor in asthma and the effect of GC treatment.................... 23 (IV) Airway related methods for evaluation of allergic inflammation after withdrawal of GC..................... 23 (V) Eosinophil migration after allergen challenge........................................................................................ 24 STUDY DESIGN ................................................................................................................................................... 24 (I) ................................................................................................................................................................... 24 (II+IV) ........................................................................................................................................................... 24 (III) ................................................................................................................................................................ 26 (V).................................................................................................................................................................. 26 METHODS........................................................................................................................................................... 26 ASSESSMENT OF ATOPY...................................................................................................................................... 26 Skin-prick tests (I-V)...................................................................................................................................... 26 Circulating allergen-specific IgE-antibodies (I) ........................................................................................... 27 ASSESSMENT OF ASTHMA................................................................................................................................... 27 History (I-V) .................................................................................................................................................. 27 Questionnaire (II, IV) .................................................................................................................................... 27 Spirometry (I-V)............................................................................................................................................. 27 Physical examination (I-V)............................................................................................................................ 27 NASAL LAVAGE (NAL) ...................................................................................................................................... 27
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